The Open Boat Essay - 2641 Words

â€Å"When it came night, the white waves passed to and fro in the moonlight, and the wind brought the sound of the great sea’s voice to the men on the shore, and they felt they could then be interpreters† (Crane 370). â€Å"The Open Boat,† written by Stephen Crane, describes the journey of four men stranded in a dinghy in the middle of the ocean and the hardships that had to be faced in order to survive. This story is not only a riveting story, keeping readers on the edge of their seat, but the story also makes the reader realize how precious life truly is. Sometimes people have a tendency to take life as a grain of salt and do not think about the realization that life can be taken away within the blink of an eye. As in â€Å"The Open Boat,† the crew†¦show more content†¦The Correspondent’s role is to row the boat. Throughout the entire story, he constantly revaluated his previous beliefs and started to wonder whether or not there was a h igher power controlling his fate. For example, he questions his belief of â€Å"the gods† and quotes, â€Å"If I am going to be drowned- if I am going to be drowned- if I am going to be drowned, why in the name of the seven mad gods who rule the sea, was I allowed to come this far, and contemplate sand and trees†( 365). He wondered that if he was going to die, why he would be kept alive just for a short time frame. He could not understand why he worked so hard to survive and then would be killed near the end of his journey. As he re-questioned his previous beliefs, his use of descriptive detail of the harsh waves began to lessen. For example, in the beginning, the waves are described as â€Å"jagged with waves that seemed thrust up in points like rocks,† but by the end of the story they are described as â€Å"pacing to and fro† (370). The Oiler, who actual name is Billie, was also in charge of rowing the boat along beside the correspondent. The Oiler ha d a positive attitude and did not believe in giving up in hope that they would not survive. Even though, in the end, he did end up dying, while trying to swim to shore, he never faltered from his positive attitude. For example, in one scene of the story the correspondent accidentally splashed water in the Oiler’s face while heShow MoreRelated Open Boat Essay1127 Words   |  5 Pagesfull picture to the events that transpired that cold January are uncovered. â€Å"The Open Boat,† is very rich in symbolism. Symbolism evokes or describes ideas and feelings through the use of symbolic images. In chapter seven of â€Å"The Open Boat,† the narrator describes a tower. â€Å"It was a giant, standing with its back to the plight of the ants† (Crane 297). The tower represents many different things. To the men in the boat the tower may represent freedom, hope, or a win against nature. While to the readerRead MoreThe Open Boat Essay797 Words   |  4 PagesThe Open Boat implies the overall relationship between the individual and nature. This sentence also implies the limitations of anyones perspective. The men in the boat concentrate so much on the danger they are in, that they are oblivious and unaware to everything else; in other words, maybe lacking experience. The Open Boat begins with a description of four men aboard a small boat on a rough sea. The central theme of this story is about confronting Nature itself. The Open Boat is StephenRead More The Open Boat Essay575 Words   |  3 Pages Open Boat Symbolism allows writers to suggest their ideas within a piece of literature. This is found in most types of writing. Stephen Crane expresses this in his short story, The Open Boat. Through symbolism and allegory, it is demonstrated that humans live in a universe that is unconcerned with them. The characters in the story come face to face with this indifference and are nearly overcome by Nature’s lack of concern. This is established in the opening scenes, the â€Å"seven mad gods† and in theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Open Boat 1433 Words   |  6 PagesThe Unidentified Tone in â€Å"The Open Boat† The tone most readers find in â€Å"The Open Boat† by Stephen Crane is a person alone in the universe. That particular tone is the easiest to see when; a group of four men are in a ten foot dinghy with nothing to their north, south, east, and west except water around their position. â€Å"The men seem to recognize that they are helpless in the face of nature. Their lives could be lost at any moment by the most common of natural phenomena: a wave, a current, the windRead MoreThe Open Boat By Stephen Crane1076 Words   |  5 PagesThe Open Boat Analysis The Open Boat is a wildly creative text. The author explores fiction and philosophy to achieve a balance of literature professionalism. The text is a masterpiece reality expressed through the creation of characters representatives of society and day to day living. Symbolic use of characters and human titles plays a key role in delivering the message of the author. Stephen Crane, the author exploits the power of harmony to establish a relationship where every individual isRead MoreThe Open Boat By Stephen Crane1197 Words   |  5 Pagesturn from the romantic view of the world to a more natural take of the universe. One of the better portrayals of this naturalistic view is Stephen Crane’s â€Å"The Open Boat† in which the short story exhibits the lives of four men cast out at sea after their steamer, the Commodore, sank and they were then forced to take refuge in a life boat. This story follows the men through the focalizing viewpoint of the correspondent and descriptiv ely as well as effectively portrays his psychologically changingRead MoreThe Open Boat by Stephen Crane980 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Open Boat† The relationship between man and nature Many stories talk about the idea of fate, the idea that no matter how much a person tries to survive, nature ultimately chooses the person’s path of life. The short story, â€Å"The Open Boat† by Stephen Crane illustrates the relationship between nature and man and how nature’s indifference towards man’s effort for survival. In this account, the narrator, Stephen Crane explains to the readers that no matter how hard one tries to fight nature inRead MoreThe Open Boat by Stephen Crane Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesIn the story The Open Boat, by Stephen Crane, Crane uses many literary techniques to convey the stories overall theme. The story is centered on four men: a cook, a correspondent, Billie, an oiler who is the only character named in the story, and a captain. They are stranded in a lifeboat in stormy seas just off the coast of Florida, just after their ship has sunk. Although they can eventually see the shore, the waves are so big that it is too dan gerous to try to take the boat in to land. InsteadRead More Stephen Cranes The Open Boat Essay1033 Words   |  5 PagesCranes The Open Boat Humanity often tends to see itself as being somehow important in the grand scheme of the Universe. We speak of fate as if we were put here for some reason, or purpose. We have our religions, which often serve as an engine to drive our lives and as a means to give meaning to them. But why do we think of ourselves in such a superior fashion? Do we really matter at all? Would the Universe stop if we were suddenly taken away? In his short story, The Open Boat, Stephen CraneRead MoreNaturalisn In The Open Boat Essay example952 Words   |  4 Pageshappy ending stories, there always appears to be evidence of supernaturalism. However, Stephen Crane leaves out all fairy tale elements and mystical creatures in his â€Å"The Open Boat†. Throughout the whole story, there are constant examples of the raw, realistic and indifferent parts of life. In Stephen Crane’s â€Å"The Open Boat† naturalism is apparent through the use of language, literary techniques, and thematic elements. First of all, Crane’s use of language played a large part in the naturalistic

The Importance of Entrepreneurship and Small Business in a...

Entrepreneurship Report List of contents: 1 Introduction 2 Definition of enterprise, entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship 3 Skills, attributes and behaviours of entrepreneurs 4 The importance of enterprise, entrepreneurship and small business in the context of the wider economy as well as the individual or team. 5 Stages necessary to evaluate a new business idea 7 Summary and recommendations 8 List of references Introduction This essay is about entrepreneurship. The world is changing and the role of the individual has become increasingly more important, with individual entrepreneurship becoming more and more necessary for economic success. Definition of enterprise, entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship Entrepreneurship is the process of creating something new with value by devoting the necessary time and effort, assuming the accompanying financial, psychic and social risks and receiving the resulting rewards of monetary and personal satisfaction and independence. Enterprise describes a readiness to act boldly to get something started,. Enterprise Another meaning of enterprise is a business venture, like a frozen yogurt enterprise. It requires a lot of determination, hard work and the steady belief that people will love your yogurt. People will say you show extraordinary enterprise for your willingness to take on such a challenging project, meaning you have initiative and drive.Show MoreRelatedOpportunities And Threats Of Entrepreneurship1483 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizations worldwide are facing new opportunities and threats caused by several mutative forces, including â€Å"technological disruption, fluctuating economies or demographical changes† (Toma et al., 2014). Entrepreneurship has gradually gone into the view of the public, as well as scholars, in order to tackle the changing forces (Castaà ±o et al., 2015; Toma et al., 2014). It may positively influence on economic growth due to the entrepreneurial activities it causes. Thu s, scholars have shown increasingRead MoreEntrepreneurial Education : The Education System ( Gibb Price, 2014 ) Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent approaches in ensuring the effectiveness of the education system (Gibb Price, 2014). These different approaches taken is to ensure the effectiveness and efficiencies of the outcome of entrepreneurial education in achieving its argued importance (Fayolle, 2007). Over time, continuous arguments had arisen among scholars pertaining to the contribution of entrepreneurial education towards influencing students to become entrepreneurs. For instance, the studies of Adelaja (2015), Lourenà §o,Read MoreSocial Entrepreneurship2389 Words   |  10 PagesWhat is social entrepreneurship? The animation is made to explain the concept of social entrepreneurship to the general public and raise awareness of the importance of this type of business.... Social entrepreneurship  is the attempt to draw upon business techniques to find solutions to social problems.This concept may be applied to a variety of organizations with different sizes, aims, and beliefs. Conventional  entrepreneurs  typically measure performance in profit and return, but social entrepreneursRead MoreAre Female Entrepreneurs Still Considered A Minority Male Dominated Fashion Industry?2167 Words   |  9 Pagesentrepreneurs while male entrepreneurs are considered the dominant force in entrepreneurship. However, does this theory hold true in the female liberated world of fashion? After discovering the pioneering works of Natalie Massenet (creator of Net-A-Porter) in the world of luxury online retailing, this has opened the window of curiosity as to how females are such prominent figures yet are branded as minorities in entrepreneurship. In an industry which reaches and affects a vast number of consumers onRead MoreEntrepreneurship Education: A Comparison of Canada and Sweden from the 1980’s to Present Day3077 Words   |  13 PagesEntrepreneurship Education: A Comparison of Canada and Sweden from the 1980’s to Present Day. Research Question What is the comparison of entrepreneurship and the state of educating entrepreneurs between the countries of Canada and Sweden and the effects on entrepreneurial levels and successes within the specific timeframe of the 1980’s to present day? Entrepreneurship is one of the main foundations of many countries economies historically and it plays just as crucial of a role in the presentRead More24 - Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Clusters in Latin America6491 Words   |  26 PagesReceived November 11, 2008 / Accepted December 12, 2008 J. Technol. Manag. Innov. 2008,Volume 3, Issue 3 Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Clusters in Latin America Natural Resource – Implication and Future Challenges Tomas Gabriel Bas (1), Ernesto Amoros (2), Martin Kunc (3) Abstract The natural resources play a very important role in the economy of the Latin America countries, but follow the classical models of resource exploitation and scale do not add much more value to the productsRead MoreSocial Entrepreneurship1768 Words   |  8 PagesAssess the importance of social entrepreneurship in the local context. 1.0 Definition of Social Entrepreneurship A social entrepreneur identifies and solves social problems on a large scale. Just as business entrepreneurs create and transform whole industries, social entrepreneurs act as the change agents for society, seizing opportunities others miss in order to improve systems, invent and disseminate new approaches and advance sustainable solutions that create social value. Unlike traditionalRead MoreDescribe the Important Internet Properties That Affect Marketing and the Fundamental Changes the Internet Has Brought to Marketing.1157 Words   |  5 Pagespassed on and shared. This encourages communication for businesses in a supply chain. 2. Internet encourages global reach - regardless of location, the internet is accessible to all. Businesses can be conducted globally easier while encourages worldwide partnership and products distribution even better than before. 3. Internet works as network externality – target markets are being reached easily and faster with automated communication. 4. Internet is a time moderator – time is a valuable essenceRead MoreRural Entrepreneurship-Opportunities and Challenges3604 Words   |  15 Pages RURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN INDIA OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES Abstract The rural population constitutes a major segment in India. The livelihood strategies of this vast segment depend primarily on agriculture and allied activities. Growth in this agriculture sector has shown a declining trend during the last one decade. This has made a huge impact on the domestic production, employment, etc. These problems can be tackled, to a certain extent, by developing entrepreneurship in Rural IndiaRead MoreEconomic And Social Development Efforts Has Benefited Women As Much As They Have Benefited Men Essay2552 Words   |  11 Pagesis for this reason that women in Kenya have for quite a long time now been encouraged to undertake businesses. Entrepreneurship is increasingly recognized as an important driver of economic growth, productivity, innovation and employment and it is widely accepted as a key aspect of economic dynamism. Transforming ideas into economic opportunities is the main concept of entrepreneurship. History shows that economic progress has been sign ificantly advanced by pragmatic people who are entrepreneurial

Leadership Of Bradford Banducci Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Leadership Of Bradford Banducci. Answer: Background History Bradford Banducci is the current director and chief executive officer of the Woolworths Group. He was appointed in to the CEO position on February in the year 2016. Before his appointment, Brad had been working with the group as the head of liquor department between the year 2012 and 2015. He later became the managing director in the year 2015 on March before being appointed in the current position. Woolworth Group is one of the major developed organizations in Australia dealing with fast food supplies within and outside the country. The organization has been great doing in the market apart from a few cases where it has reported losses ('Food Retail Industry Profile: Australia' 2008). Before joining the group, Brad had worked with various corporates in different leading positions. From the year 2007 to 2011, he was working as a CEO of Cellar masters a wine retail production company. He also served as chief financial officer before 2007 at Tyro payments, as a vice president and director after sometime at Boston Consulting Group as one of the major member of their retail exercise for 15years. With all these work experiences and leadership skills and experiences, Woolworth took him as the CEO to help revive their supermarkets. Brad originates from South Africa where he is well known of his sales and marketing skills important in enhancing marketing activities. Brad has his education undergraduate degree in Commerce that he attained from the University of KwaZulu-Natal, a graduate degree from the same university and an MBA from Australian Graduate School of Management. His family originates from South Africa where he is believed to have learned from all his existing skills of hard work and production. He is also a member of Woolworths board of directors, former board member of Boston Consulting Group and board member of Gage Roads Brewing Company Limited from July the year 2012 to April the year 2016. All this industrial development skills by Brad have been significant in his career mostly as a leader. Leadership Approach Transformational theory. This is theoretical concept of leadership that is based on the relationship between the leader and the follower or the set target market. It explains a work relationship where the leader is the one giving orders, evaluates the orders given to decide where to punish or reward the follower (Wang, et al, 2011). If the set responsibilities are done as expected, there is little or no collision and the work done is perfect. Transformational theory in leadership is all about enhancing positive change important for organizational development. To both the internal and external environment of the organization, the applied changes should ensure they are in line with the companies set goals and objectives and following the rules to the later. The leaders inspire their followers to follow a certain route important for achieving the set vision (Avolio, et al, 2009). Relevance of transformational theory in leadership is that, it enhances creation of positive opportunities for people to show new ideas as they take responsibility for their implementation. Transformational leaders are in most cases charismatic as they can convince others on changing their existing beliefs and values to adopt new once important for development. They dont just follow the detail of a certain activity but follow the detailed vision of the set activity. Loyalty is key in transformation as the leaders dream to achieve their set goals and objectives. The leaders have a role to positively improve the lives of their followers as they may become disillusioned. Similarly, Transformational leadership theory is more applicable in situations identified to change very fast and employees have required skills relevance to their job description in the respective organization (Giltinane, 2013). Bradford Banducci as the Chief Executive Officer of Woolworth Group, has applied transformational theory of leadership and transformational leadership style. Having acquired adequate experience in leadership from his former employer companys, he is the best suited to change the wellbeing of the group. All from being a board member, he has the role of ensuring proper control in all the companys activities. Ranging from the suppliers of the various products to the company, the receivers of the services who are also the main service providers and the wellbeing of the target market who are also the customers to Woolworth Group (Brauckmann and Pashiardis, 2011). The companys operationsmanagement activities under the control of Bradford Banducci is experiencing a positive change. In his first report on Woolworth group after joining the company on February 2016, he is convinced that the problem affecting the company is poor coordination and management. Though the company does not show a dra stic change and the shareholders have fear of making losses on selling their shares, the market is convinced that the company is making the right steps towards restoring its development faith. Bradford Banducci measures of control are about improving the companys wellbeing step by step as he follow all the set developmental strategies of Woolworth Group (Snowden and Boone, 2007). Among the various instances where Bradford Banducci has demonstrated transformational leadership approach are; Enhancement of positive customers culture. After reaching Woolworth, his first and major focus was on customers culture. He cautioned the aspect that the customer is the most important party for that business existence. As a result, as much as the company is in need of making profits, the customers attention should always be ensured. This is important to enhancing that the customer is always satisfied as its a way of enhancing customers loyalty to the companys services. Bradford Banducci has also enhanced positive relationship with the companys existing suppliers. This is important to help bridge the existing gap between the suppliers and the board of management. He does this by having various communication platforms with them and also implementing an engagement program. He makes efforts to go round the existing Woolworth stores with the major suppliers to help ensuring that they understand the quality of goods and services that the company is in need off. This is important to help initiate a positive change in the supply department as the expected quality is expected from the suppliers after the engagement approach with the CEO (Nahavandi, 2016). Customers focus approach by Bradford Banducci called for increased skilled workforce to help deliver all the required services at the expected time and rate. This is important as the customers satisfaction is improved to help maintain the customers loyalty a key factor towards organizational business growth. Price improvement was also an initiated change that would ensure marketing mix and customers price satisfaction. Challenges faced by the leader Bradford Banducci as Woolworths CEO has been faced by various operational challenges of the company. He has the challenge of ensuring the company gets back to its ground again as its operations and overall productions have been affected by various factors leading to poor marketing. To solve this, he has come up with various strategies of ensuring that the company restores its market confidence. Among them is strategy of improving customers culture by ensuring that every customer to the company is served diligently as required, improvement of products and services price value to fit the level quality of that product or service without utilizing the customers. To be more effective, the CEO would have first analyzed the companys set objectives and followed strategies together with other board members to help understand if all are okay as they should be. This is important to ensure that all the activities enhanced for the companys development are in line with the set strategies to achiev ing the set objectives (Duvall-Dickson, 2016). Another challenge faced by Bradford Banducci as a CEO is, increased level of competition between Woolworth and Wesfarmers and Kmart. With this available stores, customers have alternatives to acquire same products offered by Woolworth at a relatively cheaper price. To help solve this, the CEO is ensuring that the suppliers are aware of the products that the company needs, improved customers culture and prices are also some of the factors he has put in place to ensure that the organization keeps its customers. To solve this challenge more effectively, Bradford Banducci should have enhanced improved marketing mix measures. This would help reaching their customers at all corners and inform them of their current existing services and quality so that they get firsthand information. This is important to prevent bias information from reaching their customers (KNOX KNOX, 2015). Lesson learnt from Bradford Banducci leadership Its clear to note and learn that leadership is a process that requires one with coherent and relevant skills in that particular field. Effective leadership is influenced by various factors like having responsible workforce among others. There are various challenges relating to effective leadership and can only be solved by understanding characteristics of the followers and their needs. Bradford Banducci qualities to influencing positive organization culture Having adequate experience from his former employers in a related field of business as a leader has enhanced his ability to control and direct the organization to the right direction. Allocating tasks to the workforce as he supervise whatever they do thus effective workforce coordination (Woolworths Ltd Earnings Presentation, 2017). Educated. Bradford Banducci has a bachelors degree in Commerce and an MBA in strategic management. These are important skills to enhancing positive organizational influence to achieving the set objectives of the organization. References Avolio, B.J., Walumbwa, F.O. and Weber, T.J., 2009. Leadership: Current theories, research, and future directions. Annual review of psychology, 60, pp.421-449. Brauckmann, S. and Pashiardis, P., 2011. A validation study of the leadership styles of a holistic leadership theoretical framework. International Journal of Educational Management, 25(1), pp.11-32. Duvall-Dickson, S 2016, 'Blending Tribes: Leadership Challenges in Mergers and Acquisitions', SAM Advanced Management Journal (07497075), 81, 4, pp. 16-22, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 30 September 2017. 'Food Retail Industry Profile: Australia' 2008, p. 1, Complementary Index, EBSCOhost, viewed 30 September 2017. 'Full Year 2017 Woolworths Ltd Earnings Presentation - Final' n.d., Fair Disclosure Wire (Quarterly Earnings Reports), Regional Business News, EBSCOhost, viewed 30 September 2017. Giltinane, C.L., 2013. Leadership styles and theories. Nursing Standard, 27(41), pp.35-39. https://www.afr.com/business/retail/woolworths-ceo-brad-banduccis-first-100-days-the-report-card-20160602-gp9pg0#ixzz4uFILiV76. Reviewed on June 3rd 2016 KNOX, M., KNOX, M. (2015). Supermarket monsters: the price of Coles and Woolworths' dominance. Collingwood, Schwartz Publishing Pty, Limited. Nahavandi, A., 2016. The Art and Science of Leadership -Global Edition. Pearson. Snowden, D.J. and Boone, M.E., 2007. A leader's framework for decision making. Harvard business review, 85(11), p.68. Wang, G., Oh, I.S., Courtright, S.H. and Colbert, A.E., 2011. Transformational leadership and performance across criteria and levels: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of research. Group Organization Management, 36(2), pp.223-270.

Rudolf Steiner free essay sample

Rudolf Steiner’s reforming ideas still have strong impact in today education, medicine and agriculture. Steiner’s key principles of education for children are taking account of the needs of the whole child, which included academic, physical, emotional and spiritual. The government now days are still following the education principles of the Steiner movement. Steiner’s education approach has differed from mainstream education in various ways. Many of Steiner’s schools emphasised how important spiritual values and social skills and teaching methods which are based on children’s intellectual, practical and artistic teachings. Steiner also believed that physical development is regarded as important to, the schools ‘use a dance form called eurhythmy to help children’s physical development. ’ Colour was regarded as important to Steiner because it helps a child with their imagination skills, and teaching about the colour spectrum is an important part of the education philosophy. Steiner understood the importance of developing the whole person. We will write a custom essay sample on Rudolf Steiner or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Furthermore development of children’s imagination was also helped with Steiner’s idea that younger children should play with wooden toys rather than plastic ones and computers should be used for when the children are older. Steiner believes that â€Å"seeing artistic activity and the development of the imagination as integral to learning. † From what he meant by that are when a child are given a toy car, no matter what they do it will still be a toy car. But if the child is given a block of wood or a cube, they could use their imagination and change the cube in to a house, a ball or a car. From this it tells us those children learn from their imagination and also could be creative just by given a simple toy or object. Steiner once says â€Å"You will not be good teachers if you focus only on what you do and not upon who you are. † This reflect on what place you are in, as a teacher you would need to be equal to every child and reflect back to what you have teach in lesson to what need to be improved next time.

Teamwork Essay free essay sample

Reasons have been proposed to explain why teamwork exists by (Cohen and Bailey, 1997). They suggest organisations can develop and deliver products in a speedy and cost effective manner. More so, teams are the best way to establish organisational strategy. Teamwork was defined by (Kozlowski and Bell, 2003) as the composition of two or more individuals who share tasks and work towards a common goal. They emphasise the importance of collaboration and cooperation. Teamwork has three important dimensions. Firstly, technical dimension relates to the division of labour and who does what task and when etc. Governance refers to authority and relationships between members. The normative dimension refers to the norms, values and assumptions of the group directing behaviour. However, there are dimensions which can differ between teams, for example the temporal duration. Some teams are required to work together for a larger period of time. The physical proximity of teams may range depending on the organisation. We will write a custom essay sample on Teamwork Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Certain groups must work face to face where as others are dispersed geographically. According to (Hackman, 2002), teams need ‘teamwork’, meaning work that is designed for teams. An important factor relating to teams is interdependence, this is the extent to which people must work interactively and cooperatively (Stewart and Barrick, 2000). There are a number of benefits to an organisation by working in a team; these include efficient processes, reduced costs, increased innovation and skill utilisation (West and Markiewicz, 2004). Evidence to support this claim comes from (Delarue et al, 2008) who found associations between team work, workers outcomes, financial outcomes and operational outcomes. Godard, 2001) found with his questionnaire that teamwork positively related to job satisfaction, a sense of belonging and feelings of empowerment. This is supported by (Delarue et al, 2004) who found reduced absenteeism. The financial benefits were researched by (Cooke, 1994) who found that with the introduction of teamwork, there was a significant impact on val ue added per employee. Teamwork can have a profound effect on operational efficiency, productivity and quality. (Cohen et al, 1996) found that teams which facilitate high levels of employee involvement have a significant impact on efficiency and quality. If organisations are to reap the benefits of teamwork, then they must create and manage them in the correct way. Research into effective team working has commonly followed the input-processes-output (I-P-O) model proposed by (McGrath, 1964). The idea is that inputs affect outputs via the interaction of processes. We could argue this is too simplistic but it provides a useful framework. The first input is task design, the task must be achieved by a group of people working together so it should be demanding and complex enough to be completed by a team, as referred to earlier, there should be a high level of interdependence. The next input is team composition. This outlines the skills, knowledge and ability required (KNA). Bebin proposed nine essential roles. These are plant, resource investigator, coordinator, shaper, monitor, team worker, finisher, implementer and specialist. Bebin’s theory is not often fulfilled in practise though. Teams are often put together with little consideration for the roles required or the skills. This undermines team effectiveness. Another feature of the inputs is diversity; this is the idea that the team has a range of skills, ages, ethnicities and levels of authority. One of the most important inputs is the organisational context. Teams are often embedded in larger organisational systems, the effectiveness of teams may depend on wider contextual factors. Conflict within the organisation such as their wider objectives may impede a team so a team must operate within the company’s boundaries. (Hackman, 2002) suggests teams do not operate in an organisational vacuum. Team effectiveness relies on supportive organisational context that reinforces a team based structure. (Hackman, 2002) argues three systems can increase the likelihood of team success. Firstly, we have the education system which offers training and technical aid to a team. Then we have the information system which provided necessary data to complete the task. Lastly is the reward system which encourages rewards to all members equally to reduce inequality. The team objectives make up the first part of the processes. Teams should have a common purpose and clear objectives free from ambiguity. Reflexivity is the next stage and this helps to overcome team frustrations and any confusion regarding objectives. This is done by reflecting on immediate and long-term objectives on a regular basis by meeting and sharing information. Decision making is the next component; research has shown that teams make better decisions than individuals however there are certain process losses which can affect decisions. One of these is social conformity; the tendency to go along this the majority decision and exclude your opinion. This can occur due to leader power because the leader has more authority and influence. Groups try to avoid conflict through Groupthink (Janis, 1982), where teams sacrifice high quality rigorous decisions to conserve social harmony. Group may do this without even realising. Social loafing affect decisions when team members exert less effort and commitment. This has negative implications on the reward system especially If team members are rewarded equally. Overall, teamwork is a critical issue which organisations should develop and support real teams. Management must pay close attention to ensure they have the correct characters in the team to reap the full benefits of teamwork rather than pseudo teams which are present today. On a final note, not all organisations require teams so they should only be applied to the right tasks and situations.

Free Essays on My Favorite Teacher

There are some teachers, who hardly ever make an impact on, or touch someone’s life for the better. Some just go through life teaching. But there are some that change a person’s life, for the better. He was the kind of person that everyone loved. He never asked too much, or expected too much. As I look back on my days at Warren High School, I remember what an impact this man had on my life. This man was my chemistry I and II teacher, Mr. Wilson. Computer information systems, was what I originally had planned for my future. Chemistry never even interested me. My sophomore year I decided to take IB Chemistry 1. The teacher I had was Mr. Wilson. As I entered that classroom, I thought about what I would learn, but nothing could have prepared me for the decisions I would come upon and make within one year. Throughout the year, Mr. Wilson made class interesting. There was never a dull moment in his classroom. Whether it was making jokes about different issues, making fun of the jocks for being 5-5 for two years in a row or just being there when someone did not understand something that was taught that day. He stayed after school, religiously, every day for one hour, just so kids could ask him for help. There was never one time when he left a minute early, or did not stay at all. More and more chemistry began to interest me. I could not figure out why I had just discovered the world of chemistry. Then it hit me. Had it not been for Mr. Wilson, I would have never thought about a career in chemistry. Had it not been for this man, I would have been lost and confused as to what my future in computer information systems would be like. He changed me in the sense that I had discovered a part of myself that I never knew existed. For that I am eternally grateful.... Free Essays on My Favorite Teacher Free Essays on My Favorite Teacher There are some teachers, who hardly ever make an impact on, or touch someone’s life for the better. Some just go through life teaching. But there are some that change a person’s life, for the better. He was the kind of person that everyone loved. He never asked too much, or expected too much. As I look back on my days at Warren High School, I remember what an impact this man had on my life. This man was my chemistry I and II teacher, Mr. Wilson. Computer information systems, was what I originally had planned for my future. Chemistry never even interested me. My sophomore year I decided to take IB Chemistry 1. The teacher I had was Mr. Wilson. As I entered that classroom, I thought about what I would learn, but nothing could have prepared me for the decisions I would come upon and make within one year. Throughout the year, Mr. Wilson made class interesting. There was never a dull moment in his classroom. Whether it was making jokes about different issues, making fun of the jocks for being 5-5 for two years in a row or just being there when someone did not understand something that was taught that day. He stayed after school, religiously, every day for one hour, just so kids could ask him for help. There was never one time when he left a minute early, or did not stay at all. More and more chemistry began to interest me. I could not figure out why I had just discovered the world of chemistry. Then it hit me. Had it not been for Mr. Wilson, I would have never thought about a career in chemistry. Had it not been for this man, I would have been lost and confused as to what my future in computer information systems would be like. He changed me in the sense that I had discovered a part of myself that I never knew existed. For that I am eternally grateful....

Mini Research Project Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mini Project - Research Proposal Example When the world real Gross Domestic Product was having a howling dread, the GDP of China was pretty much sturdily moving upward in an open contrast (Easterly, 2011). The underlying research project aims to spotlight the off budget fiscal activity and the effectiveness of the emergency fiscal policies implemented by the Chinese government by making use of the IMF’s published augmented fiscal data. Data were originally augmented by adding the general statistical output up with the off budget fiscal data. Though, this is a secondary research including the subjective approach by analyzing a number of theoretical sources to make a solid and theoretical inference so far. However the augmentation in the fiscal data is an aid to understand the underlying course of activity rather to replace the general purpose government released statistics. It was not possible to draw the judgments by using each and every part of the published augmented data; hence here I am going to exclude some of t he figures to reduce the complexity and intricacy i.e., policy banks fiscal activity data, ministry of railway net borrowing etc. In the period of the world economic crisis, local government aimed to implement several plans to reduce the impacts. Out of the most prominent activity, the most observable can be reported as the infrastructure investments to support and boost up the economic development in the country. It remained a popularized countercyclical tool to foster the internal developmental course. This developmental spending was categorized as an off budget expenditure and managed through the sales of the government inland property or Local Government’s Finance Vehicle borrowings so far internally. Thus IMF introduced the concept of augmentation in order to measure the impact of the budgeted and off budgeted fiscal activity within the economy. Without complementary augmented data, it is quite thorny to analyze the total effect and stimulus towards the tradeoff to the crisis.